Crop Diversification is one of the most important strategy for climate smart agriculture with more income for farmer .

MonoCulture :

Cultivating a same type of crop in the field every year in a fixed pattern for a season . Like cultivating mustard crop in Rabi season and Millet in Kharif season every year

MonoCropping :

Cultivating same crop in the field in all the seasons like growing sugarcane which is annual/perennial crop and can be grown in continuity across the seasons.

MonoCulture/MonoCropping Disadvantage :

1.) Upset natural bio diversity of the soil and decrease the nutrient levels and variety of microbes in the soil 2.) Increases in pests/ diseases/ weeds attack due to developed resistance in the local conditions and more favorite food for pests. 3.) Increase in pesticide and other agro chemical use for controlling more pest/diseases attack. 4.) Decrease in bee colony and other beneficial insects for pollination related activities. 5.) More requirement of water for irrigation due to soil degradation.

Crop Diversification Advantage :

1.) Increase soil bio diversity due to variety of crops enables more symbiotic relationship and more opportunity to grow for different types of microbes. 2.) Less pests/ diseases/ weeds attack due to less or no resistance developed supported by stress tolerance provided by microbes. 3.) Less use of agro chemicals. due to low attack pests/ diseases/ weeds. 4.) More bee colony and other beneficial insects for pollination related activities. 5.) Less requirement of water for irrigation due to rich soil quality and drought/heat stress provided by microbes.

More Farmer Income

Crop diversification makes sure that farmer is not putting all eggs in single basket and at least few crops can survive the negative impact of uncertainties related to weather, market price crash, pest/diseases attack etc. Also farmer can get premium price for few crops .So overall farmer will earn more income by optimizing the farming practices and uncertainties linked with agriculture . Also carbon rich soil is a another crop for farmer and which can provide add on income to farmer through sustainability market. .